History and Development
Kuantan Singingi is an administrative area which is included in the Riau Province. Region has many rivers. Geographical conditions that, in turn, make the majority of people need transportation as a means jalur1 Then, path-lines appear which are beautifully carved, carvings such as the head of snake, crocodile, or tiger, both in the stomach and selembayung it. In addition, with more equipment parachute, rigging, shawl, the middle pole (gulang-gulang) and lambai-lambai (the helmsman standing). These changes mark the function as well as a path not just for the sake of transport equipment, but also shows social identity. For, the only ruler, noble, and progenitor-progenitor pathways that make up the drive. Development of the next (approximately 100 years later), the function not only as a means of transportation and a symbol of social status, but diadu speed through a race. And, by the people that race stempat referred to as a "spur jajur".
Initially held in spur line villages along the Kuantan River to commemorate the day of Islam, as Prophet Muhammad SAW Maulid, Idul Fitri, or New Year 1 Muharram. When each race is not always followed by the investiture. That is, there are villages that provide gifts and who does not provide any. Competition that does not provide the prize ceremony ended with a meal together. The type of food is a traditional local food, such as: konji, godok, lopek, paniaran, goats, Lida, and fruit doll. Meanwhile, the race berhadiah, it must provide four marewa2 that vary in size. I have great size and a great champion IV have the most small size. However, these gifts are no longer marewa form but the form of livestock (cattle, buffalo, or goat).
When the Dutch began to enter the area Riau (around 1905), precisely in the area that is now Bay City Kuantan, they take advantage of spur lines in celebrating birthdays of Queen Wilhelmina who fell in each of 31 August. As a result, the spur line is no longer celebrated in the feast-day Muslims. Teluk Kuantan population even considers each Anniversary celebration of Queen Wilhelmina of the coming new year. Therefore, until now still have mention of the spur line as a spur tambaru. Activities spur line was stopped in the era of Japan. However, the independence of spur lines back regularly held to commemorate the anniversary of independence of the Republic of Indonesia (17 - Agustusan).
Players
Spur lines only done by the men aged between 15 - 40 years in beregu. Any number of gang members between 40 - 60 people (depending on size of route). Members of a spur line is called the child, consists of: carpenter, carpenters concang (commander, command grantor), carpenters waist (helmsman), carpenters onjai (our rhythm at the helm with a swing-goyangkan body) and the craftsman who dance helping carpenters onjai stress that a balanced path berjungkat-jungkit regular and rhythmic. In addition to players, competition in the spur line and the referee also have jury duty, which oversees the road and set the race winner.
Place Game
Spur lines are usually conducted in Sungai Batang Kuantan. As has been said above, Sungai Batang Kuantan which is located between the District of Hulu Kuantan in the upstream and downstream in the District Cerenti, has been used as a shipping line path since the early 17th century. And, in this river also spur the race route was first done. Meanwhile, the arena of competition spur line to follow the flow of Sungai Batang Kuantan, with the length of the track about 1 km is marked with three piling.
Tools Games
Equipment in the game spur path, of course, the path that is made from the stem wood intact, without be-half, cut-cut-through, or linked. Path length between 25 - 30 meters, with the middle of the room width 11.25 meters. Parts of the line consists of: (1) luan (direction), (2) talingo (front of the ear); (3) panggar (seat); (4) pornik (stomach); (5) Timbo room (where the water draw ); (6) talingo back; (7) kamudi (the driver); (8) lambai-lambai/selembayung (grip tukan onjor); (9) pandaro (seed line), (10) hose (seat pedayung ); (11) selembayung (end of the path carved) and (13) panimbo (air scoop). The path is also equipped with a paddle for each player.
Selembayung edge and the body lines are engraved and given color splendor. Motifnya diverse as: runner-suluran, geometrical, wave, and even a bad aircraft. Each path has a name like: Naga Sakti, Gajah Tunggal, Rawang Shrimp, Kompe windy, Bomber, Pelita, New Order, King Kinantan, swish Nago Liar, Lion Sungai Pinang, Kuantan, rowing in unison, Kerapatan Jati, Panggogar Nature, Tuah in Kampuang Godang in Rantau, Ratu Dewa and others. The objective of the engraving, coloring, and the name on each line is to be able to "be different" from others.
To be able to make a path-race that usually represents the village, district or districts, must go through a long process and involves many people. As a process, making sure the path is done gradually and continuously. The following are the stages that must be done in making a boat by a person called Kuantan Singingi path.
The first thing done is a plan of making path through consensus or rapek village which was attended by various elements such as traditional leaders, scholars, youth and the mother. Meetings are usually led by a village leader or traditional leaders. When agreement has been reached, the next activity is to select the type of wood. The tree is searched banio or kulim kuyiang a length between 25 - 30 meters with a diameter between 1 ½ - 2 meters. Both types of trees in addition to a strong, waterproof, have also held "penunggunya". After a tree that meets the requirements specified, the logging is done. However, before such a ceremony is held to the "watchman" tree that the tree was not lost on unseen.
Wood that has been disemah by diviner, next ditebang with ax and mattock. After that, the timber diabung (cut) edges according to a certain size in accordance with the long path that will be made. After diabung both ends, and then peeled the skin of wood and carved in the direction, ear, and stomach. If the path is established, then the next step is to flatten the front (pendadan), ie, the top of the wood stretching from the base to the tip. Then followed the phase mencaruk or punch and finish the wood with a thickness in particular. Next menggaliak to reverse or invert and return path to be formed and mashed. This work requires a careful calculation of the thickness must always maintain the path to be able to balance while in the water. Mengukurnya among other ways by making holes or hold the drill and then closed again with a kind of pivot. Once established, the path and then reversed again and the process continued with the last course and make the rudder. If the direction and the rudder has been established, then the path will be taken to the village to be smoked and accompanied by the ritual maelo path. Before the route was launched to the river, there is a ritual that is aimed so that more channels can sail with the good when it is in the water.
Game Rules
Spur line can be divided into several levels, namely: (1) spur antarbanjar or village, (2) spur antardesa or villages, and (3) spur antarkecamatan in the region Sengingi Kuantan. Rules in the third race spur levels are quite easy path, the path the team can reach the finish first team from another, expressed as the winner. Pertandingan spur route is usually done with two systems, namely: the system of competition and autumn to determine the winner of the first to fourth and ten large.
Path Games
The race, both antardusun, antardesa, and antarkecamatan, beginning with a cannon blast. Gun is used because when the whistle will not be heard by the race, considering the extent of the arena and spur many spectators who witnessed the race. In the boom first-line path that was specified in the order will fall in line with the start of each squad member has been in the path. In the second crack, they will be in the ready position (guard) for the rowing scull. And, after the cannon blast referee for the time when, every team will paddle through the race track that has been determined. As a note, the size and capacity of lines and the number of children pacunya (participants) in this race not be, because that determines victory lane a lot more from the magical power of the wood is used as power lines and the diviner kesaktian in "control" path.
In the match lines, killed when implementing the system, then the losers must not be played back consecutively. Meanwhile, the winners will diadu get back to the main winner. However, when the system uses half the competition, each team will play several times and eventually the team to always win the race will be the last juaranya.
Cultural values
Cultural value of the spur line is: hard work, quickness, stamina, cooperation and sportivitas. The value of hard work reflected the spirit of the players who try to track that path can precede another shift. Quickness and tenacity values are reflected from the techniques that made by members of a gang in order to run the lines go quickly and not be lost. Cooperation is reflected in the value of team members who strive together to be able to control the line go faster and win the race. Value sportivitas reflected not only the attitude of the players who does not skew during the game, but also would like to receive defeat with spacious chest. (gufron)
Source:
Coordinating Team Press Dierktorat General Culture. 1988. Aneka Ragam Budaya Nusantara Hkasanah I. Jakarta: Ministry of Education and Culture.
1 is a path that boat in the early 17th century used as the main means of transportation in the village of Rantau Kuantan is located along the Sungai Batang Kuantan (Hulu District of Kuantan in the upstream and downstream in the District Cerenti). When the land transportation have not developed, so that the path is a means of transport it is important for villagers, especially to carry produce, such as bananas and sugar cane. In addition, to also carry men (40).
2 Marewa cloth flag is colorful in the triangle and the edge direnda.